TreeMicInterV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000017

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.

Identifieur interne : 000017 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000016; suivant : 000018

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.

Auteurs : Jiandong Huo [Royaume-Uni] ; Yuguang Zhao [Royaume-Uni] ; Jingshan Ren [Royaume-Uni] ; Daming Zhou [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen M E. Duyvesteyn [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen M. Ginn [Royaume-Uni] ; Loic Carrique [Royaume-Uni] ; Tomas Malinauskas [Royaume-Uni] ; Reinis R. Ruza [Royaume-Uni] ; Pranav N M. Shah [Royaume-Uni] ; Tiong Kit Tan [Royaume-Uni] ; Pramila Rijal [Royaume-Uni] ; Naomi Coombes [Royaume-Uni] ; Kevin R. Bewley [Royaume-Uni] ; Julia A. Tree [Royaume-Uni] ; Julika Radecke [Royaume-Uni] ; Neil G. Paterson [Royaume-Uni] ; Piyada Supasa [Royaume-Uni] ; Juthathip Mongkolsapaya [Thaïlande] ; Gavin R. Screaton [Royaume-Uni] ; Miles Carroll [Royaume-Uni] ; Alain Townsend [Royaume-Uni] ; Elizabeth E. Fry [Royaume-Uni] ; Raymond J. Owens [Royaume-Uni] ; David I. Stuart [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

Cell host & microbe [ 1934-6069 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32585135

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Allosteric Site (MeSH), Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH), Antibodies, Monoclonal (immunology), Antibodies, Neutralizing (immunology), Antibodies, Neutralizing (therapeutic use), Antibodies, Viral (immunology), Antibodies, Viral (therapeutic use), Antigen-Antibody Complex (chemistry), Betacoronavirus (chemistry), Betacoronavirus (genetics), Betacoronavirus (immunology), Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy), Coronavirus Infections (immunology), Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control), Coronavirus Infections (therapy), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Cryoelectron Microscopy (MeSH), Crystallography, X-Ray (MeSH), Host Microbial Interactions (immunology), Humans (MeSH), Models, Molecular (MeSH), Neutralization Tests (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (chemistry), Pneumonia, Viral (immunology), Pneumonia, Viral (therapy), Pneumonia, Viral (virology), Receptors, Virus (chemistry), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (chemistry), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (genetics), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (immunology), Viral Vaccines (immunology), Viral Vaccines (therapeutic use), Virus Internalization (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Antigen-Antibody Complex, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Receptors, Virus, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
- chemical , genetics : Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
- chemical , immunology : Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Viral Vaccines.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Viral Vaccines.
- chemistry : Betacoronavirus.
- drug therapy : Coronavirus Infections.
- genetics : Betacoronavirus.
- immunology : Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Host Microbial Interactions, Pneumonia, Viral.
- prevention & control : Coronavirus Infections.
- therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Allosteric Site, Amino Acid Sequence, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Crystallography, X-Ray, Humans, Models, Molecular, Neutralization Tests, Pandemics, Virus Internalization.

Abstract

There are as yet no licensed therapeutics for the COVID-19 pandemic. The causal coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) binds host cells via a trimeric spike whose receptor binding domain (RBD) recognizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, initiating conformational changes that drive membrane fusion. We find that the monoclonal antibody CR3022 binds the RBD tightly, neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, and report the crystal structure at 2.4 Å of the Fab/RBD complex. Some crystals are suitable for screening for entry-blocking inhibitors. The highly conserved, structure-stabilizing CR3022 epitope is inaccessible in the prefusion spike, suggesting that CR3022 binding facilitates conversion to the fusion-incompetent post-fusion state. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis confirms that incubation of spike with CR3022 Fab leads to destruction of the prefusion trimer. Presentation of this cryptic epitope in an RBD-based vaccine might advantageously focus immune responses. Binders at this epitope could be useful therapeutically, possibly in synergy with an antibody that blocks receptor attachment.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.010
PubMed: 32585135
PubMed Central: PMC7303615

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Tan, Tiong Kit" sort="Tan, Tiong Kit" uniqKey="Tan T" first="Tiong Kit" last="Tan">Tiong Kit Tan</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Rijal, Pramila" sort="Rijal, Pramila" uniqKey="Rijal P" first="Pramila" last="Rijal">Pramila Rijal</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Coombes, Naomi" sort="Coombes, Naomi" uniqKey="Coombes N" first="Naomi" last="Coombes">Naomi Coombes</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tree, Julia A" sort="Tree, Julia A" uniqKey="Tree J" first="Julia A" last="Tree">Julia A. Tree</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Radecke, Julika" sort="Radecke, Julika" uniqKey="Radecke J" first="Julika" last="Radecke">Julika Radecke</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Paterson, Neil G" sort="Paterson, Neil G" uniqKey="Paterson N" first="Neil G" last="Paterson">Neil G. Paterson</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Supasa, Piyada" sort="Supasa, Piyada" uniqKey="Supasa P" first="Piyada" last="Supasa">Piyada Supasa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip" sort="Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip" uniqKey="Mongkolsapaya J" first="Juthathip" last="Mongkolsapaya">Juthathip Mongkolsapaya</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Screaton, Gavin R" sort="Screaton, Gavin R" uniqKey="Screaton G" first="Gavin R" last="Screaton">Gavin R. Screaton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carroll, Miles" sort="Carroll, Miles" uniqKey="Carroll M" first="Miles" last="Carroll">Miles Carroll</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
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<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Townsend, Alain" sort="Townsend, Alain" uniqKey="Townsend A" first="Alain" last="Townsend">Alain Townsend</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fry, Elizabeth E" sort="Fry, Elizabeth E" uniqKey="Fry E" first="Elizabeth E" last="Fry">Elizabeth E. Fry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Owens, Raymond J" sort="Owens, Raymond J" uniqKey="Owens R" first="Raymond J" last="Owens">Raymond J. Owens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stuart, David I" sort="Stuart, David I" uniqKey="Stuart D" first="David I" last="Stuart">David I. Stuart</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK; Instruct-ERIC, Oxford House, Parkway Court, John Smith Drive, Oxford, OX4 2JY, UK. Electronic address: dave@strubi.ox.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK; Instruct-ERIC, Oxford House, Parkway Court, John Smith Drive, Oxford, OX4 2JY</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2020">2020</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:32585135</idno>
<idno type="pmid">32585135</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.010</idno>
<idno type="pmc">PMC7303615</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Huo, Jiandong" sort="Huo, Jiandong" uniqKey="Huo J" first="Jiandong" last="Huo">Jiandong Huo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yuguang" sort="Zhao, Yuguang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yuguang" last="Zhao">Yuguang Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ren, Jingshan" sort="Ren, Jingshan" uniqKey="Ren J" first="Jingshan" last="Ren">Jingshan Ren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. Electronic address: ren@strubi.ox.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Daming" sort="Zhou, Daming" uniqKey="Zhou D" first="Daming" last="Zhou">Daming Zhou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Duyvesteyn, Helen M E" sort="Duyvesteyn, Helen M E" uniqKey="Duyvesteyn H" first="Helen M E" last="Duyvesteyn">Helen M E. Duyvesteyn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ginn, Helen M" sort="Ginn, Helen M" uniqKey="Ginn H" first="Helen M" last="Ginn">Helen M. Ginn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>OX11 0DE</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrique, Loic" sort="Carrique, Loic" uniqKey="Carrique L" first="Loic" last="Carrique">Loic Carrique</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Malinauskas, Tomas" sort="Malinauskas, Tomas" uniqKey="Malinauskas T" first="Tomas" last="Malinauskas">Tomas Malinauskas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruza, Reinis R" sort="Ruza, Reinis R" uniqKey="Ruza R" first="Reinis R" last="Ruza">Reinis R. Ruza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shah, Pranav N M" sort="Shah, Pranav N M" uniqKey="Shah P" first="Pranav N M" last="Shah">Pranav N M. Shah</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tan, Tiong Kit" sort="Tan, Tiong Kit" uniqKey="Tan T" first="Tiong Kit" last="Tan">Tiong Kit Tan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rijal, Pramila" sort="Rijal, Pramila" uniqKey="Rijal P" first="Pramila" last="Rijal">Pramila Rijal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coombes, Naomi" sort="Coombes, Naomi" uniqKey="Coombes N" first="Naomi" last="Coombes">Naomi Coombes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SP4 0JG</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bewley, Kevin R" sort="Bewley, Kevin R" uniqKey="Bewley K" first="Kevin R" last="Bewley">Kevin R. Bewley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SP4 0JG</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tree, Julia A" sort="Tree, Julia A" uniqKey="Tree J" first="Julia A" last="Tree">Julia A. Tree</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SP4 0JG</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Radecke, Julika" sort="Radecke, Julika" uniqKey="Radecke J" first="Julika" last="Radecke">Julika Radecke</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>OX11 0DE</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paterson, Neil G" sort="Paterson, Neil G" uniqKey="Paterson N" first="Neil G" last="Paterson">Neil G. Paterson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>OX11 0DE</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Supasa, Piyada" sort="Supasa, Piyada" uniqKey="Supasa P" first="Piyada" last="Supasa">Piyada Supasa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip" sort="Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip" uniqKey="Mongkolsapaya J" first="Juthathip" last="Mongkolsapaya">Juthathip Mongkolsapaya</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Screaton, Gavin R" sort="Screaton, Gavin R" uniqKey="Screaton G" first="Gavin R" last="Screaton">Gavin R. Screaton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carroll, Miles" sort="Carroll, Miles" uniqKey="Carroll M" first="Miles" last="Carroll">Miles Carroll</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Townsend, Alain" sort="Townsend, Alain" uniqKey="Townsend A" first="Alain" last="Townsend">Alain Townsend</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fry, Elizabeth E" sort="Fry, Elizabeth E" uniqKey="Fry E" first="Elizabeth E" last="Fry">Elizabeth E. Fry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Owens, Raymond J" sort="Owens, Raymond J" uniqKey="Owens R" first="Raymond J" last="Owens">Raymond J. Owens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stuart, David I" sort="Stuart, David I" uniqKey="Stuart D" first="David I" last="Stuart">David I. Stuart</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK; Instruct-ERIC, Oxford House, Parkway Court, John Smith Drive, Oxford, OX4 2JY, UK. Electronic address: dave@strubi.ox.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK; Instruct-ERIC, Oxford House, Parkway Court, John Smith Drive, Oxford, OX4 2JY</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Cell host & microbe</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1934-6069</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Allosteric Site (MeSH)</term>
<term>Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Monoclonal (immunology)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Neutralizing (immunology)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Neutralizing (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Antigen-Antibody Complex (chemistry)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (therapy)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term>
<term>Cryoelectron Microscopy (MeSH)</term>
<term>Crystallography, X-Ray (MeSH)</term>
<term>Host Microbial Interactions (immunology)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Models, Molecular (MeSH)</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (chemistry)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (therapy)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (virology)</term>
<term>Receptors, Virus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (immunology)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Virus Internalization (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term>
<term>Anticorps monoclonaux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants (usage thérapeutique)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (génétique)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Complexe antigène-anticorps (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Cristallographie aux rayons X (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cryomicroscopie électronique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus (génétique)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (thérapie)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term>
<term>Interactions hôte-microbes (immunologie)</term>
<term>Modèles moléculaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (immunologie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (thérapie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (virologie)</term>
<term>Pénétration virale (MeSH)</term>
<term>Récepteurs viraux (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Site allostérique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH)</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Antigen-Antibody Complex</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</term>
<term>Receptors, Virus</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Monoclonal</term>
<term>Antibodies, Neutralizing</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Neutralizing</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="composition chimique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Complexe antigène-anticorps</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</term>
<term>Récepteurs viraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Anticorps monoclonaux</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Interactions hôte-microbes</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Host Microbial Interactions</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="thérapie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Allosteric Site</term>
<term>Amino Acid Sequence</term>
<term>Cryoelectron Microscopy</term>
<term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Models, Molecular</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Virus Internalization</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cristallographie aux rayons X</term>
<term>Cryomicroscopie électronique</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Modèles moléculaires</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Pénétration virale</term>
<term>Site allostérique</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">There are as yet no licensed therapeutics for the COVID-19 pandemic. The causal coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) binds host cells via a trimeric spike whose receptor binding domain (RBD) recognizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, initiating conformational changes that drive membrane fusion. We find that the monoclonal antibody CR3022 binds the RBD tightly, neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, and report the crystal structure at 2.4 Å of the Fab/RBD complex. Some crystals are suitable for screening for entry-blocking inhibitors. The highly conserved, structure-stabilizing CR3022 epitope is inaccessible in the prefusion spike, suggesting that CR3022 binding facilitates conversion to the fusion-incompetent post-fusion state. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis confirms that incubation of spike with CR3022 Fab leads to destruction of the prefusion trimer. Presentation of this cryptic epitope in an RBD-based vaccine might advantageously focus immune responses. Binders at this epitope could be useful therapeutically, possibly in synergy with an antibody that blocks receptor attachment.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32585135</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>22</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1934-6069</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>28</Volume>
<Issue>3</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Cell host & microbe</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Cell Host Microbe</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>445-454.e6</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1931-3128(20)30351-6</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.010</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>There are as yet no licensed therapeutics for the COVID-19 pandemic. The causal coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) binds host cells via a trimeric spike whose receptor binding domain (RBD) recognizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, initiating conformational changes that drive membrane fusion. We find that the monoclonal antibody CR3022 binds the RBD tightly, neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, and report the crystal structure at 2.4 Å of the Fab/RBD complex. Some crystals are suitable for screening for entry-blocking inhibitors. The highly conserved, structure-stabilizing CR3022 epitope is inaccessible in the prefusion spike, suggesting that CR3022 binding facilitates conversion to the fusion-incompetent post-fusion state. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis confirms that incubation of spike with CR3022 Fab leads to destruction of the prefusion trimer. Presentation of this cryptic epitope in an RBD-based vaccine might advantageously focus immune responses. Binders at this epitope could be useful therapeutically, possibly in synergy with an antibody that blocks receptor attachment.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huo</LastName>
<ForeName>Jiandong</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName>
<ForeName>Yuguang</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ren</LastName>
<ForeName>Jingshan</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. Electronic address: ren@strubi.ox.ac.uk.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName>
<ForeName>Daming</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Duyvesteyn</LastName>
<ForeName>Helen M E</ForeName>
<Initials>HME</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ginn</LastName>
<ForeName>Helen M</ForeName>
<Initials>HM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carrique</LastName>
<ForeName>Loic</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Malinauskas</LastName>
<ForeName>Tomas</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ruza</LastName>
<ForeName>Reinis R</ForeName>
<Initials>RR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shah</LastName>
<ForeName>Pranav N M</ForeName>
<Initials>PNM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tan</LastName>
<ForeName>Tiong Kit</ForeName>
<Initials>TK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rijal</LastName>
<ForeName>Pramila</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coombes</LastName>
<ForeName>Naomi</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bewley</LastName>
<ForeName>Kevin R</ForeName>
<Initials>KR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tree</LastName>
<ForeName>Julia A</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Radecke</LastName>
<ForeName>Julika</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paterson</LastName>
<ForeName>Neil G</ForeName>
<Initials>NG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Supasa</LastName>
<ForeName>Piyada</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mongkolsapaya</LastName>
<ForeName>Juthathip</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Screaton</LastName>
<ForeName>Gavin R</ForeName>
<Initials>GR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carroll</LastName>
<ForeName>Miles</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Townsend</LastName>
<ForeName>Alain</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fry</LastName>
<ForeName>Elizabeth E</ForeName>
<Initials>EE</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Owens</LastName>
<ForeName>Raymond J</ForeName>
<Initials>RJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, OX11 0FA, UK; Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stuart</LastName>
<ForeName>David I</ForeName>
<Initials>DI</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK; Instruct-ERIC, Oxford House, Parkway Court, John Smith Drive, Oxford, OX4 2JY, UK. Electronic address: dave@strubi.ox.ac.uk.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MR/N00065X/1</GrantID>
<Acronym>MRC_</Acronym>
<Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency>
<Country>United Kingdom</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>Cell Host Microbe</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101302316</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1931-3128</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000911">Antibodies, Monoclonal</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D057134">Antibodies, Neutralizing</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000914">Antibodies, Viral</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000936">Antigen-Antibody Complex</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000669933">COVID-19 vaccine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D011991">Receptors, Virus</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D064370">Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014765">Viral Vaccines</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000657845">spike protein, SARS-CoV-2</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.15.1</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D007703">Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.17.-</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C413524">angiotensin converting enzyme 2</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Protocol" UI="C000705127">COVID-19 drug treatment</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName>
</SupplMeshList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Sep 9;28(3):497</RefSource>
<PMID Version="1">32910920</PMID>
</CommentsCorrections>
</CommentsCorrectionsList>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000495" MajorTopicYN="N">Allosteric Site</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000595" MajorTopicYN="N">Amino Acid Sequence</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000911" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Monoclonal</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057134" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Neutralizing</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000914" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000936" MajorTopicYN="N">Antigen-Antibody Complex</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020285" MajorTopicYN="N">Cryoelectron Microscopy</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018360" MajorTopicYN="N">Crystallography, X-Ray</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000076662" MajorTopicYN="N">Host Microbial Interactions</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008958" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Molecular</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009500" MajorTopicYN="N">Neutralization Tests</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007703" MajorTopicYN="N">Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011991" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptors, Virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064370" MajorTopicYN="N">Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014765" MajorTopicYN="N">Viral Vaccines</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053586" MajorTopicYN="N">Virus Internalization</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">CR3022</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">X-ray crystallography</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">antibody</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">cryo-electron microscopy</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">epitope</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">neutralization</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">receptor binding domain</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">spike</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
<CoiStatement>Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests.</CoiStatement>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>22</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
<Day>22</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
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<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.010</ArticleId>
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<orgName><li>Université d'Oxford</li>
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<name sortKey="Carrique, Loic" sort="Carrique, Loic" uniqKey="Carrique L" first="Loic" last="Carrique">Loic Carrique</name>
<name sortKey="Carroll, Miles" sort="Carroll, Miles" uniqKey="Carroll M" first="Miles" last="Carroll">Miles Carroll</name>
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<name sortKey="Duyvesteyn, Helen M E" sort="Duyvesteyn, Helen M E" uniqKey="Duyvesteyn H" first="Helen M E" last="Duyvesteyn">Helen M E. Duyvesteyn</name>
<name sortKey="Fry, Elizabeth E" sort="Fry, Elizabeth E" uniqKey="Fry E" first="Elizabeth E" last="Fry">Elizabeth E. Fry</name>
<name sortKey="Ginn, Helen M" sort="Ginn, Helen M" uniqKey="Ginn H" first="Helen M" last="Ginn">Helen M. Ginn</name>
<name sortKey="Malinauskas, Tomas" sort="Malinauskas, Tomas" uniqKey="Malinauskas T" first="Tomas" last="Malinauskas">Tomas Malinauskas</name>
<name sortKey="Owens, Raymond J" sort="Owens, Raymond J" uniqKey="Owens R" first="Raymond J" last="Owens">Raymond J. Owens</name>
<name sortKey="Paterson, Neil G" sort="Paterson, Neil G" uniqKey="Paterson N" first="Neil G" last="Paterson">Neil G. Paterson</name>
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<name sortKey="Ren, Jingshan" sort="Ren, Jingshan" uniqKey="Ren J" first="Jingshan" last="Ren">Jingshan Ren</name>
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<name sortKey="Stuart, David I" sort="Stuart, David I" uniqKey="Stuart D" first="David I" last="Stuart">David I. Stuart</name>
<name sortKey="Supasa, Piyada" sort="Supasa, Piyada" uniqKey="Supasa P" first="Piyada" last="Supasa">Piyada Supasa</name>
<name sortKey="Tan, Tiong Kit" sort="Tan, Tiong Kit" uniqKey="Tan T" first="Tiong Kit" last="Tan">Tiong Kit Tan</name>
<name sortKey="Townsend, Alain" sort="Townsend, Alain" uniqKey="Townsend A" first="Alain" last="Townsend">Alain Townsend</name>
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<name sortKey="Zhao, Yuguang" sort="Zhao, Yuguang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yuguang" last="Zhao">Yuguang Zhao</name>
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   |texte=   Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.
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	Serveur d'exploration sur les interactions arbre microorganisme
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Serveur d'exploration sur les interactions arbre microorganisme

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike.

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